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对props进行限制

Category: React Tutorial: React基础 Published: 2026-04-07 13:58 Views: 20 Likes: 0 Comments: 0
15_对props进行限制

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>对props进行限制</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <!-- 准备好一个"容器" -->
    <div id="test1"></div>
    <div id="test2"></div>
    <div id="test3"></div>

    <!-- 引入react核心库 -->
    <script type="text/javascript" src="./js/react.development.js"></script>

    <!-- 引入react-dom, 用于支持react操作DOM -->
    <script
      type="text/javascript"
      src="./js/react-dom.development.js"
    ></script>

    <!-- 引入babel, 用于将jsx转为js -->
    <script type="text/javascript" src="./js/babel.min.js"></script>

    <!-- 引入prop-types, 用于对组件标签属性进行限制 -->
    <script type="text/javascript" src="./js/prop-types.js"></script>

    <script type="text/babel">
      // 创建组件
      class Person extends React.Component {
        render() {
          const { name, age, sex } = this.props;
          // props是只读的
          // this.props.name = 'jack' //此行代码会报错, 因为props是只读的
          return (
            <ul>
              <li>姓名：{name}</li>
              <li>性别：{sex}</li>
              <li>年龄：{age + 1}</li>
            </ul>
          );
        }
      }

      // 对标签属性进行类型、必要性的限制
      Person.propTypes = {
        name: PropTypes.string.isRequired, // 限制name必传, 且为字符串
        sex: PropTypes.string, // 限制sex为字符串
        age: PropTypes.number, // 限制age为数值
        speak: PropTypes.func, // 限制speak为函数
      };

      // 指定默认标签属性值
      Person.defaultProps = {
        sex: "男", // sex默认值为男
        age: 18, // age默认值为18
      };

      // 渲染组件到页面
      ReactDOM.render(
        <Person name={100} speak={speak} />,
        document.getElementById("test1")
      );

      ReactDOM.render(
        <Person name="tom" age={18} sex="女" />,
        document.getElementById("test2")
      );

      const p = { name: "老刘", age: 18, sex: "女" };
      // ReactDOM.render(<Person name={p.name} age={p.age} sex={p.sex}/>,document.getElementById('test3'))
      ReactDOM.render(<Person {...p} />, document.getElementById("test3"));

      function speak() {
        console.log("我说话了");
      }
    </script>
  </body>
</html>